- A modal is a type of auxiliary verb that is used to express: ability, possibility, permission or obligation. Modal phrases are used to express the same things as modals, but are a combination of auxiliary verbs and the preposition to. The characteristics of modal verbs are:
- they have their own negative:
- can - can't
- must - mustn't
- should - shouldn't
- they have their own interrogative:
- Can you come?
- Must we go?
- What should I do?
- they are usually followed by another verb:
- We shouldn't finish after 8.
- They could drive a car at 16.
- they never change form, never add -s, -ed, -ing.
- He can ride a bike.
- They mustn't drive at night.
- they are always followed by an infinitive without to.
MEANING
- CAN/CAN'T: ability, possibility
- MUST/MUSTN'T:: obligation/prohibition
- SHOULD/SHOULDN'T:: advice
EXERCISES
- can/can't
- can/could/be able to
- have to / has to
- have to / can / should
- must / mustn't 1
- must / mustn't 2
- mustn't / don't have to
- can / may / must / could / might
- can / must / should
- musn't / can / can't / have to / don't have to / must
- must / mustn't / have to / don't-doesn't have to (British Council)
- have to / don't have to / must / mustn't (Oxford)
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