Showing posts with label relative clauses. Show all posts
Showing posts with label relative clauses. Show all posts
Wednesday, July 3, 2019
Friday, November 9, 2018
Relative sentences
RELATIVE PRONOUNS
OMISSION OF THE RELATIVE PRONOUN
To understand the distinctions between that and which it is necessary to understand defining (restrictive) and non-defining (non-restrictive) clauses.
- who → when we talk about people
- which → when we talk about things
- whose → instead of his/her or their
- We also use that for who/which.
- where → when we speak about places
- when → when we speak about a period of time
OMISSION OF THE RELATIVE PRONOUN
We leave out the relative pronoun (who/which/that) if it is not the subject in the sentence.
- That is the book I like.
- He is the teacher who spoke to us yesterday morning.
| 1st part of the sentence | 2nd part of the sentence | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| This | is | the boy | who | was | at the party yesterday. |
| Subject | Verb | Rest | Subject | Verb | Rest |
who is subject in the sentence, do not leave it out.
| 1st part of the sentence | Pronoun | 2nd part of the sentence | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| This | is | the boy | who | I | met | at the party yesterday. |
| This | is | the boy | can be left out | I | met | at the party yesterday. |
| Subject | Verb | Rest | Subject | Verb | Rest | |
who is not subject in the sentence, it can be left out.
Examples with the relative pronoun which/that
| 1stpart of the sentence | 2nd part of the sentence | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| This | is | the bike | which | was | in the shop window. |
| Subject | Verb | Rest | Subject | Verb | Rest |
which is subject in the sentence, do not leave it out.
| 1st part of the sentence | Pronoun | 2nd part of the sentence | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| This | is | the bike | which | I | bought | yesterday. | |
| This | is | the bike | can be left out | I | bought | yesterday. | |
| Subject | Verb | Rest | Subject | Verb | Rest | ||
which is not subject in the sentence, it can be left out.
TYPES OF RELATIVE CLAUSES
 |
| http://4thgradeela.weebly.com/uploads/2/0/7/7/20771340/5289752_orig.jpg |
Learning these distinctions is one technical aspect of grammar that every user of English should understand, because it is at the root of an assortment of grammatical errors.
NON DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES
A non-defining, or non-restrictive, clause is one that can be regarded as parenthetical:
- My house, which has a blue door, needs painting.
The italicized words are effectively an aside and could be deleted. The real point of the sentence is that the house needs painting; the blue door is incidental.
Use commas to set off non-defining elements, which contribute to, but do not determine, the meaning of the sentence. These elements may be clauses (groups of words that contain a subject and a verb) or phrases (groups of words that do not contain both a subject and a verb).
DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES
A defining, restrictive, clause is one that is essential to the sense of the sentence.
- My house that has a blue door needs painting.
Defining clauses or phrases are not separated off with commas. A restrictive clause or phrase is essential to the meaning of the sentence; it defines the word it modifies by ›restricting‹ its meaning. Eliminating a restrictive element from a sentence changes its meaning dramatically.
EXERCISES
EXERCISES
- who / which / whose 1 (Englisch Hilfen)
- who / which / whose 2 (Englisch Hilfen)
- who / whose / which 3 (English for You)
- who / which / whose (Ego4you)
- Link sentences with that / who (Perfect English Grammar)
- who / which / that / where / when (Montse Morales)
- Write the sentences in order-at the bottom (British Council)
- Merge two sentences using a relative pronoun (Ego4you)
- Merge two sentences using a relative pronoun (English Grammar)
- Merge two sentences using a relative pronoun ( English Practice)
Thursday, November 2, 2017
Thursday, October 26, 2017
Relative clauses
RELATIVE PRONOUNS:
OMISSION OF THE RELATIVE PRONOUN
To understand the distinctions between that and which it is necessary to understand defining (restrictive) and non-defining (non-restrictive) clauses.
- who → when we talk about people
- which → when we talk about things
- whose → instead of his/her or their
- We also use that for who/which.
OMISSION OF THE RELATIVE PRONOUN
We leave out the relative pronoun (who/which/that) if it is not the subject in the sentence.
- That is the book I like.
- He is the teacher who spoke to us yesterday morning.
| 1st part of the sentence | 2nd part of the sentence | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| This | is | the boy | who | was | at the party yesterday. |
| Subject | Verb | Rest | Subject | Verb | Rest |
who is subject in the sentence, do not leave it out.
| 1st part of the sentence | Pronoun | 2nd part of the sentence | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| This | is | the boy | who | I | met | at the party yesterday. |
| This | is | the boy | can be left out | I | met | at the party yesterday. |
| Subject | Verb | Rest | Subject | Verb | Rest | |
who is not subject in the sentence, it can be left out.
Examples with the relative pronoun which/that
| 1stpart of the sentence | 2nd part of the sentence | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| This | is | the bike | which | was | in the shop window. |
| Subject | Verb | Rest | Subject | Verb | Rest |
which is subject in the sentence, do not leave it out.
| 1st part of the sentence | Pronoun | 2nd part of the sentence | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| This | is | the bike | which | I | bought | yesterday. | |
| This | is | the bike | can be left out | I | bought | yesterday. | |
| Subject | Verb | Rest | Subject | Verb | Rest | ||
which is not subject in the sentence, it can be left out.
TYPES OF RELATIVE CLAUSES
|
| http://4thgradeela.weebly.com/uploads/2/0/7/7/20771340/5289752_orig.jpg |
Learning these distinctions is one technical aspect of grammar that every user of English should understand, because it is at the root of an assortment of grammatical errors.
NON DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES
A non-defining, or non-restrictive, clause is one that can be regarded as parenthetical:
- My house, which has a blue door, needs painting.
The italicized words are effectively an aside and could be deleted. The real point of the sentence is that the house needs painting; the blue door is incidental.
Use commas to set off non-defining elements, which contribute to, but do not determine, the meaning of the sentence. These elements may be clauses (groups of words that contain a subject and a verb) or phrases (groups of words that do not contain both a subject and a verb).
DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES
A defining, restrictive, clause is one that is essential to the sense of the sentence.
- My house that has a blue door needs painting.
Defining clauses or phrases are not separated off with commas. A restrictive clause or phrase is essential to the meaning of the sentence; it defines the word it modifies by ›restricting‹ its meaning. Eliminating a restrictive element from a sentence changes its meaning dramatically.
EXERCISES
EXERCISES
- who / which / whose 1 (Englisch Hilfen)
- who / which / whose 2 (Englisch Hilfen)
- who / whose / which 3 (English for You)
- who / which / whose (Ego4you)
- Link sentences with that / who (Perfect English Grammar)
- who / which / that / where / when (Montse Morales)
- Write the sentences in order-at the bottom (British Council)
- Merge two sentences using a relative clause (Ego4you)
Thursday, November 24, 2016
How to define a word
First write:
Second: Define the object/person/place using a more general word:
- It is...
Second: Define the object/person/place using a more general word:
- (Hammer): It is a tool that..
- (School): It is a building that...
- (Blue): It is a colour that...
- (Park): It is a place where...
- (President): It is someone who...
- (Cat): It is an animal which...
- (Empty): It is the opposite of "full".
- (Near): It is the opposite of "distant".
Fourth: Then you can add some more features:
- It consists of...
- It is made of...
- It can be bought in...
- They grow in (Europe).
- People eat it with...
- It is often used for...
EXAMPLES
- (Hammer): It is a tool that Iis made of wood and metal and it is used for striking.
- (Table): It is a piece of furniture usually supported by one or more legs and that has a flat top surface on which objects can be placed. It is often used for eating or studying.
- (Doctor): It is a person who is licensed to practise medicine and often works in hospitals or clinics.
Thursday, November 3, 2016
Relative clauses
RELATIVE PRONOUNS:
OMISSION OF THE RELATIVE PRONOUN
Learning these distinctions is one technical aspect of grammar that every user of English should understand, because it is at the root of an assortment of grammatical errors.
- who → when we talk about people
- which → when we talk about things
- whose → instead of his/her or their
- We also use that for who/which.
OMISSION OF THE RELATIVE PRONOUN
We leave out the relative pronoun (who/which/that) if it is not the subject in the sentence.
- That is the book I like.
- He is the teacher who spoke to us yesterday morning.
| 1st part of the sentence | 2nd part of the sentence | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| This | is | the boy | who | was | at the party yesterday. |
| Subject | Verb | Rest | Subject | Verb | Rest |
who is subject in the sentence, do not leave it out.
| 1st part of the sentence | Pronoun | 2nd part of the sentence | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| This | is | the boy | who | I | met | at the party yesterday. |
| This | is | the boy | can be left out | I | met | at the party yesterday. |
| Subject | Verb | Rest | Subject | Verb | Rest | |
who is not subject in the sentence, it can be left out.
Examples with the relative pronoun which/that
| 1stpart of the sentence | 2nd part of the sentence | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| This | is | the bike | which | was | in the shop window. |
| Subject | Verb | Rest | Subject | Verb | Rest |
which is subject in the sentence, do not leave it out.
| 1st part of the sentence | Pronoun | 2nd part of the sentence | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| This | is | the bike | which | I | bought | yesterday. | |
| This | is | the bike | can be left out | I | bought | yesterday. | |
| Subject | Verb | Rest | Subject | Verb | Rest | ||
which is not subject in the sentence, it can be left out.
TYPES OF RELATIVE CLAUSES
To understand the distinctions between that and which it is necessary to understand defining (restrictive) and non-defining (non-restrictive) clauses.
|
| http://4thgradeela.weebly.com/uploads/2/0/7/7/20771340/5289752_orig.jpg |
NON DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES
A non-defining, or non-restrictive, clause is one that can be regarded as parenthetical:
My house, which has a blue door, needs painting.
The italicized words are effectively an aside and could be deleted. The real point of the sentence is that the house needs painting; the blue door is incidental.
Use commas to set off non-defining elements, which contribute to, but do not determine, the meaning of the sentence. These elements may be clauses (groups of words that contain a subject and a verb) or phrases (groups of words that do not contain both a subject and a verb).
DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES
A defining, restrictive, clause is one that is essential to the sense of the sentence.
My house that has a blue door needs painting.
Here the blue door is a defining characteristic, it helps to distinguish that house from my other houses.
Here the blue door is a defining characteristic, it helps to distinguish that house from my other houses.
Defining clauses or phrases are not separated off with commas. A restrictive clause or phrase is essential to the meaning of the sentence; it defines the word it modifies by ›restricting‹ its meaning. Eliminating a restrictive element from a sentence changes its meaning dramatically.
EXERCISES
EXERCISES
Wednesday, April 27, 2016
Relative pronouns
Learn how to use the relative pronouns: who, which, where, whose and that:
EXERCISES:
Sunday, May 11, 2014
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